SHARK FACTS:

Ebert, D. A., Dando, M., Fowler, S., & Jabado, R. (2021). Sharks of the World: A Complete Guide (Wild Nature Press) (Illustrated ed.). Princeton University Press.

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SHARK THERMORGULATION:

Anderson, S. D., & Goldman, K. J. (2001). Temperature measurements from salmon sharks, Lamna ditropis, in Alaskan waters. Copeia, 2001(3), 794-796.

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Florida Museum. Shark Biology-Discover Fishes. https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/discover-fish/sharks/shark-biology/

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THREATS TO SHARKS:

Dent, F., & Clarke, S. (2015). State of the global market for shark products. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture technical paper, (590), I.

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Dulvy et al. 2021. Overfishing drives over one third of all sharks and rays toward a global extinction crisis. Current Biology, 31(21), 4773-4787.

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Hammerschlag, N., McDonnell, L. H., Rider, M. J., Street, G. M., Hazen, E. L., Natanson, L. J., McCandless, C. T., Boudreau, M. R., Gallagher, A. J., Pinsky, M. L., & Kirtman, B. (2022). Ocean warming alters the distributional range, migratory timing, and spatial protections of an apex predator, the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier). Global Change Biology, 28, 1990– 2005. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16045

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Kajiura SM, Tellman SL (2016) Quantification of Massive Seasonal Aggregations of Blacktip Sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) in Southeast Florida. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0150911. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150911

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Parton, K.J., Godley, B.J., Santillo, D. et al. Investigating the presence of microplastics in demersal sharks of the North-East Atlantic. Sci Rep 10, 12204 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68680-1

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S. Niedermueller et al., “The shark and ray meat network: A deep dive into a global affair 2021” (World Wildlife Fund Mediterranean Marine Initiative, Rome, 2021).

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Shiffman, D. S., Macdonald, C., Ganz, H. Y., & Hammerschlag, N. (2017). Fishing practices and representations of shark conservation issues among users of a land-based shark angling online forum. Fisheries Research, 196, 13-26.

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Wheeler, C.R., Rummer, J.L., Bailey, B. et al. Future thermal regimes for epaulette sharks (Hemiscyllium ocellatum): growth and metabolic performance cease to be optimal. Sci Rep 11, 454 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79953-0

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How does habitat loss affect sharks and rays - https://saveourseas.com/worldofsharks/threats/habitat-loss

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SHARK TAGGING

VMS Virginia Institute of Marine Science. Dart and Roto tags. 

https://www.vims.edu/research/departments/fisheries/programs/sharks/programs/tagging/dart_roto_tags/index.php

 

Idaho Department of Fish and Game. History of PIT tags for fisheries studies. https://idfg.idaho.gov/blog/2017/01/clone-history-and-utility-passive-integrated-transponders-pit-tags-fisheries-studies

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NOAA FISHERIES. Shark Tagging. https://swfsc.noaa.gov/textblock.aspx?Division=FRD&ParentMenuId=87&id=918

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Using Accelerometers to Record Movement and Behavior in Aquatic Animals. https://biopixeloceans.org/whats-cracking-tracking/

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Electronic Tags Review. http://www.himb.hawaii.edu/ReefPredator/Tools.htm

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PREHISTORIC SHARKS:

Bowen, D. (n.d.). Evolution's ultimate predator: Here are our top 10 prehistoric sharks. Two Oceans Aquarium. Retrieved January 9, 2023, from https://www.aquarium.co.za/blog/entry/top-10-prehistoric-sharks.

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Davis, Josh. “Shark Evolution: A 450 Million Year Timeline.” Nhm.ac.uk, 2018, www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/shark-evolution-a-450-million-year-timeline.html.

 

Davis, Josh. “Megalodon: The Truth about the Largest Shark That Ever Lived.” Nhm.ac.uk, 2018, www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/megalodon--the-truth-about-the-largest-shark-that-ever-lived.html.

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“Earliest Sharks.” Www.elasmo-Research.org, www.elasmo-research.org/education/evolution/earliest.htm.

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Magazine, Smithsonian, and Riley Black. “These Prehistoric Sharks Had Jaws Shaped like Circular Saws and Sawtoothed Scissors.” Smithsonian Magazine, www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/new-technologies-reveal-strange-jaws-prehistoric-sharks-180977396/.

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“Meet Dave: Unique Ancient Shark Skeleton on Display at Manitoba Fossil Museum - Winnipeg | Globalnews.ca.” Global News, globalnews.ca/news/9008610/dave-ancient-shark-skeleton-display-manitoba-fossil-museum/. Accessed 9 Jan. 2023.

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“Scissor-Tooth Shark” Edestus Thrashed Its Prey to Death.” Earth Archives, eartharchives.org/articles/weird-fossil-of-the-week-edestus/index.html. Accessed 9 Jan. 2023.

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www.prehistoric-wildlife.com, Darren Pepper. “Top 10 Prehistoric Sharks.” Prehistoric-Wildlife.com, 2013, www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/top-tens/top-ten-prehistoric-sharks.html.

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DEEP SEA SHARKS:

Nakamura I, Meyer CG, Sato K (2015) Unexpected Positive Buoyancy in Deep Sea Sharks, Hexanchus griseus, and a Echinorhinus cookei. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0127667. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127667

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Paulus E (2021) Shedding Light on Deep-Sea Biodiversity- A Highly Vulnerable Habitat in the Face of Anthropogenic Change. Front. Mar. Sci. 8:667048. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.667048.

 

SIMPFENDORFER, C., & KYNE, P. (2009). Limited potential to recover from overfishing raises concerns for deep-sea sharks, rays and chimaeras. Environmental Conservation, 36(2), 97-103. doi:10.1017/S0376892909990191.

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NOAA Ocean Exploration https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/deep-ocean.html

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SHARKS & RAYS OF THE BAHAMAS:

Abel, D. C., & Grubbs, R. D.(2020). Shark biology and conservation: Essentials for educators, students, and enthusiasts (illustrated by E. Pullen & M. Dando). John Hopkins University Press.
 

Ebert, D. A., Dando, M., Fowler, S., & Jabado, R. (2021). Sharks of the World: A Complete Guide (Wild Nature Press) (Illustrated ed.). Princeton University Press.
 

Florida Museum of Natural History - https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/discover-fish/species-profiles

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IUCN Red List of Threatened Species - www.iucnredlist.org